While number of sales is expected to decline by 4%,
prices are expected to remain stable with a slight increase of 1.58%.
There is no doubt that this will be a very different year for real estate in Calgary and surrounding areas compared to 2013 and 2014, however it has been refreshing to hear the facts about the impacts the recent oil and gas crisis is expected to have on our real estate as opposed to the rampant speculation and uncertainty as to how the one industry will affect the other. Overall employment levels and migration are the primary factors of the current economic climate that would most affect real estate, and we are still expecting a 1.9% growth in employment as well at 15,000+ migrants in 2015.
Highlights of the 2015 CREB Forecast Report:
CALGARY REGION RESALE HOUSING MARKET SUMMARY
Calgary’s regional housing market in 2014 benefited from strong demand due to positive economic fundamentals. In 2015, however, several factors are pointing toward a pullback. While overall employment levels are forecasted to remain steady, a drop in net migration, coupled with expected lending rate increases and energy sector uncertainty will impact housing demand. While, supply levels are expected to rise. Given previously tight market conditions, rising supply will simply push the market toward more balanced conditions, supporting price stability.
CITY OF CALGARY TOTAL MARKET
Listings continued to outpace relatively strong sales growth in the third quarter, pushing the market into more balanced conditions and easing upward pressure on prices, a trend that continued into the fourth quarter. Overall, a 13 per cent annual increase in new listings in 2014 helped push the market toward more balanced conditions, but not before some significant gains in prices. Based on an annual average, the benchmark home price totaled $451,008 in 2014, a 9.85 per cent increase over the previous year. The economic climate in 2015 will change substantially compared to 2014. As a result, the resale housing market will demonstrate different traits. Weaker economic conditions are expected to cause a pullback in sales, causing supply levels to rise from current low levels. Yet prices are expected to remain relatively stable, increasing by 1.58 per cent on an annual basis due to relatively low inventories going into this cycle. On the demand side, sales are expected to decline by four per cent due to market uncertainty, a better supplied rental market, a drop in employment growth and net migration levels that are more consistent with long-term trends for the city. While sales activity is expected to ease in 2015, it remains consistent with long-term levels.
INTEREST RATES
With the labour market improving and inflation expected to reach target levels, the Bank of Canada is expected to begin raising interest rates in the later portion of 2015. While the increases are expected to be gradual and modest, this should place some downward pressure on the relatively strong levels of price growth.
NEW HOME SECTOR
Calgary CMA housing starts are estimated to increase by 39 per cent to 17,533 units in 2014, relative to the previous year. Over the first 11 months of 2014, single-detached sales increased by 1.3 per cent to 6,067 units. Meanwhile, multi-family starts nearly doubled, reaching 10,224 units. The overall rise in starts increased the amount of product under construction. Yet, two consecutive record years of net migration – combined with positive employment opportunities and low mortgage rates – depleted inventory levels in both the resale and new home sectors.
Heading into 2015, overall new home inventory continues to remain below historical norms – even with an increase in starts activity and product under construction. Within the sector, single-family product under construction remains well below historical norms, while multi-family product is near all-time highs. As most of the product is pre-sold, absorption rates should remain strong.
ECONOMIC GROWTH /EMPLOYMENT / WAGES
Moving into 2015, employment levels are expected to increase by 0.90 per cent. Job losses are expected in the primary and utilities sector, which includes the mining, quarry and oil and gas extraction (highest earnings sector). Meanwhile, the personal and non-commercial services industries are expected to see the largest growths in employment. Population gains in the Calgary CMA will generate new job opportunities in areas such as accommodation, food services, recreation, education and health services. However, some of these positions represent the lower ranges of the provincial weekly earnings.
POPULATION GROWTH
Calgary migration levels are forecasted to ease over the next several years as weaker economic conditions inside the province limit opportunities and incentives for people to move here. Overall levels, however, are generally expected to remain above 22,000 in 2014 dropping to just over 15,000 in 2015. While the pullback seems significant following record numbers, migration levels should continue to support housing demand, albeit at lower levels, which are more consistent with long-term averages.
NOTE: Migrants tend to be younger. Compared to the rest of Canada, Alberta has the largest share of working-age population and the lowest share of seniors. In Calgary, 35 per cent of the population is 25 to 44 years old, according to the latest civic census. This age cohort represents a demographic that is most likely in the home buying phase of their life.
OIL
Oil’s impact on the housing market over the next two years will depend on the degree of pullback within the energy sector. To compare, energy investment in 2009 slowed substantially after the financial crisis, slower global growth and the U.S. recession. An estimated 16,318 full-time jobs were lost in the Calgary Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) in 2009 and another 4,281 in 2010. The financial crisis had a significant impact on both housing sales activity and pricing in Calgary. However, the impact following the energy sector pullback was less severe. While sales activity dropped to 10-year lows in 2010 following two consecutive years of jobs losses, listings also fell, which prevented any further price weakening.
The scenario in 2015 is far different. The U.S. economy is far stronger following years of deleveraging, as both consumers and businesses have been repairing their balance sheets. With consumer spending gaining traction and business investment improving, economic growth is expected to pick up in the U.S. to growth levels not recorded since 2005. That growth, when combined with a depreciating Canadian dollar, should help support the export sector. Furthermore, rising U.S. demand will also help support demand growth for oil. Nonetheless, Alberta’s energy sector will likely face a challenging year, which will impact the housing market. Lower energy prices will slow the province’s economic growth. Analysts expect a reduction in investment spending, government revenues, corporate profits and, ultimately, household income. While forecasts point to some pullback in energy related employment, gains in the services and construction sector are expected to o. set the losses, resulting in stable employment levels in the Calgary CMA. Concerns regarding the energy sector, along with slowing migration levels and employment growth, are expected to cause a pullback in housing demand in 2015, but not to the levels seen in 2010. Meanwhile, despite a decline in sales, prices are expected to remain relatively stable as supply levels in the housing market are lower than levels seen during the previous energy sector pullback.
HOUSING RISK
- The risk lies with employment levels. If overall employment falls and job prospects worsen, this can result in higher-than-expected gains in inventories relative to sales. In this scenario, inventories would rise, amid weaker demand, placing downward pressure on prices.
- Concerns over the energy sector could impact consumer confidence in the market. If energy prices stay low throughout the year, this can further dampen confidence and cause consumers to delay any unnecessary changes regarding housing. However, if energy prices improve sooner than expected, this could change the outlook in terms of employment, migration, and ultimately housing.
- A greater than expected increase in new multi-family inventory could result in increased supply in the resale market, placing downward pressure on apartment and attached prices.
SOURCE: CREB® 2015 Economic Outlook and Calgary Regional Housing Market Forecast.